See -elle on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"-elle",
"-elle#French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-elle"
},
"expansion": "French -elle",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -elle.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form feminine proper names"
],
"id": "en--elle-en-suffix-McM5HLRk",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-lós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-lós#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_nouns"
],
[
"*-elos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-elos#Proto-Italic:_diminutive"
],
[
"-lus",
"-lus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ellus",
"-ellus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ella",
"-ella#Latin"
],
[
"-ellam",
"-ellam#Latin"
],
[
"-ele",
"-ele#Old_French"
],
[
"-ele",
"-ele#Old_French"
],
[
"-ella",
"-ella#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "fro:-ele",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-lus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ella\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellam\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ele\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-elle\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"-elle\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ele",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French -ele",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ele"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French -ele",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ella"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ella",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "fro:-ele",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle\nInherited from Old French -ele, from Latin -ella.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-elles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eau",
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"m": "-eau"
},
"expansion": "-elle f (noun-forming suffix, plural -elles, masculine -eau)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 16 17 16 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 16 18 16 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 20 21 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 15 17 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 15 17 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 14 16 14 16 0 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 14 16 14 16 0 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 13 14 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 12 13 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "éléphant + -elle → éléphantelle (“young female elephant, female elephant calf”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "coupe (“cup”) + -elle → coupelle (“small cup”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "jarret (“back of the knee”) + -elle → jarretelle (“garter”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kyrie (“kyrie”) (Christianity) + -elle → kyrielle (“litany”) (figurative)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "citron (“lemon”) + -elle → citronnelle (“lemongrass; citronella”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms feminine nouns, often with a diminutive sense"
],
"id": "en--elle-fr-suffix-q2bWmHB7",
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 20 21 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "colonel (“colonel”) → colonelle (“female colonel”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-el"
}
],
"glosses": [
"female equivalent of -el"
],
"id": "en--elle-fr-suffix-U3W4FlU8",
"links": [
[
"-el",
"-el#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 20 21 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "louveteau (“wolf cub”) → louvetelle (“female wolf cub”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-eau"
}
],
"glosses": [
"female equivalent of -eau"
],
"id": "en--elle-fr-suffix-cSXDZnK~",
"links": [
[
"-eau",
"-eau#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï--elle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Lyon"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00--elle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Lyon"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-lós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-lós#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_nouns"
],
[
"*-elos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-elos#Proto-Italic:_diminutive"
],
[
"-lus",
"-lus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ellus",
"-ellus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ella",
"-ella#Latin"
],
[
"-ellam",
"-ellam#Latin"
],
[
"-ele",
"-ele#Old_French"
],
[
"-ele",
"-ele#Old_French"
],
[
"-ella",
"-ella#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "fro:-ele",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-lus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ella\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellam\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ele\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-elle\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"-elle\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ele",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French -ele",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ele"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French -ele",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ella"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ella",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "fro:-ele",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle\nInherited from Old French -ele, from Latin -ella.",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 20 21 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "naturel (“natural”) → naturelle f",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "actuel (“actual”) → actuelle f",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-el"
}
],
"glosses": [
"female equivalent of -el"
],
"id": "en--elle-fr-suffix-U3W4FlU81",
"links": [
[
"-el",
"-el#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 20 21 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "nouveau (“new”) → nouvelle f",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-eau"
}
],
"glosses": [
"female equivalent of -eau"
],
"id": "en--elle-fr-suffix-cSXDZnK~1",
"links": [
[
"-eau",
"-eau#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï--elle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Lyon"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00--elle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Lyon"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "suffix form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-elle f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ella"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of -ella"
],
"id": "en--elle-it-suffix-yDG2RcuY",
"links": [
[
"-ella",
"-ella#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ellus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative masculine singular of -ellus"
],
"id": "en--elle-la-suffix-976cZSGq",
"links": [
[
"-ellus",
"-ellus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix",
"var": "1"
},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-al"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -al"
],
"id": "en--elle-enm-suffix-8vzy69Gl",
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix",
"var": "1"
},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "diminutive suffix",
"word": "-el"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -el (diminutive suffix)"
],
"id": "en--elle-enm-suffix-5mtiKU22",
"links": [
[
"-el",
"-el#Middle_English:_diminutive"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-else"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -else"
],
"id": "en--elle-ang-suffix-l3QN5xcQ",
"links": [
[
"-else",
"-else#Old_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"-elle",
"-elle#French"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-elle"
},
"expansion": "French -elle",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French -elle.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form feminine proper names"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French countable suffixes",
"French entries with etymology trees",
"French entries with etymon",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine suffixes",
"French lemmas",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French noun-forming suffixes",
"French suffix forms",
"French suffixes",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-lós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-lós#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_nouns"
],
[
"*-elos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-elos#Proto-Italic:_diminutive"
],
[
"-lus",
"-lus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ellus",
"-ellus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ella",
"-ella#Latin"
],
[
"-ellam",
"-ellam#Latin"
],
[
"-ele",
"-ele#Old_French"
],
[
"-ele",
"-ele#Old_French"
],
[
"-ella",
"-ella#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "fro:-ele",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-lus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ella\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellam\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ele\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-elle\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"-elle\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ele",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French -ele",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ele"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French -ele",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ella"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ella",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "fro:-ele",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle\nInherited from Old French -ele, from Latin -ella.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-elles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-eau",
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"m": "-eau"
},
"expansion": "-elle f (noun-forming suffix, plural -elles, masculine -eau)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "éléphant + -elle → éléphantelle (“young female elephant, female elephant calf”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "coupe (“cup”) + -elle → coupelle (“small cup”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "jarret (“back of the knee”) + -elle → jarretelle (“garter”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kyrie (“kyrie”) (Christianity) + -elle → kyrielle (“litany”) (figurative)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "citron (“lemon”) + -elle → citronnelle (“lemongrass; citronella”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms feminine nouns, often with a diminutive sense"
],
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French female equivalent nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "colonel (“colonel”) → colonelle (“female colonel”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-el"
}
],
"glosses": [
"female equivalent of -el"
],
"links": [
[
"-el",
"-el#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French female equivalent nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "louveteau (“wolf cub”) → louvetelle (“female wolf cub”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-eau"
}
],
"glosses": [
"female equivalent of -eau"
],
"links": [
[
"-eau",
"-eau#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï--elle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Lyon"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00--elle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Lyon"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French countable suffixes",
"French entries with etymology trees",
"French entries with etymon",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine suffixes",
"French lemmas",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French noun-forming suffixes",
"French suffix forms",
"French suffixes",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*-lós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-lós#Proto-Indo-European:_agent_nouns"
],
[
"*-elos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-elos#Proto-Italic:_diminutive"
],
[
"-lus",
"-lus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ellus",
"-ellus#Latin:_diminutive"
],
[
"-ella",
"-ella#Latin"
],
[
"-ellam",
"-ellam#Latin"
],
[
"-ele",
"-ele#Old_French"
],
[
"-ele",
"-ele#Old_French"
],
[
"-ella",
"-ella#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "fro:-ele",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-lus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ella\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ellam\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ele\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-elle\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"-elle\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ele",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French -ele",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-ele"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French -ele",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ella"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ella",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "fro:-ele",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -lus\nLatin -ellus\nLatin -ellader.\nLatin -ellam\nOld French -ele\nFrench -elle\nInherited from Old French -ele, from Latin -ella.",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French female equivalent nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "naturel (“natural”) → naturelle f",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "actuel (“actual”) → actuelle f",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-el"
}
],
"glosses": [
"female equivalent of -el"
],
"links": [
[
"-el",
"-el#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French female equivalent nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "nouveau (“new”) → nouvelle f",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-eau"
}
],
"glosses": [
"female equivalent of -eau"
],
"links": [
[
"-eau",
"-eau#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï--elle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF--elle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Lyon"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00--elle.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--elle.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"Lyon"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "suffix form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-elle f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian suffix forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ella"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of -ella"
],
"links": [
[
"-ella",
"-ella#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ellus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative masculine singular of -ellus"
],
"links": [
[
"-ellus",
"-ellus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English variant lemmas",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix",
"var": "1"
},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-al"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -al"
],
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English variant lemmas",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix",
"var": "1"
},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "diminutive suffix",
"word": "-el"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -el (diminutive suffix)"
],
"links": [
[
"-el",
"-el#Middle_English:_diminutive"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-elle",
"name": "ang-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-else"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suffixes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -else"
],
"links": [
[
"-else",
"-else#Old_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-elle"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -elle meaning in All languages combined (16.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-elle"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-elle",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: non-lemma form of adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-elle"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-elle",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.